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Nigrini, MJ (2000). Digital Analysis Using Benford's Law: Tests and Statistics for Auditors. Global Audit Publications: Vancouver, Canada.

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Akkaş, ME (2007). Denetimde Benford Kanununun Uygulanmasi (Application of Benford's Law in Audit). Gazi Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi, vol.9, no.1, pp. 191-206. TUR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Alali, FA and Romero, S (2013). Benford’s Law: Analyzing a decade of financial data. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1-39. DOI:10.2308/jeta-50749. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Albrecht, CC (2008). Fraud and forensic accounting in a digital environment. White Paper for The Institute for Fraud Prevention, Brigham Young University. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Albrecht, J (2000). Die Eins von Planet Zob. Die Zeit, 28 September. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Arkan, MM (2010). Analisis Penggunaan Benford’s Law Dalam perencanaan Audit Pada Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai. [Analysis of the use of Benford's Law in planning an audit at the Directorate General of Customs and Excise]. Masters thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, and presentation at Simposium Nasional Akuntansi XIII. Purwokerto, Indonesia. IND View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Ausloos, M, Herteliu, C and Ileanu, B-V (2015). Breakdown of Benford’s law for birth data. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications Volume 419, pp. 736–745. ISSN/ISBN:0378-4371. DOI:10.1016/j.physa.2014.10.041. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Azevedo, CdS, Gonçalves, RF, Gava, VL and Spinola, MdM (2021). A Benford’s Law based methodology for fraud detection in social welfare programs: Bolsa Familia analysis. Physica A 567, p. 125626. DOI:10.1016/j.physa.2020.125626. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Banks, DG (2000). Get M.A.D. with the Numbers! Moving Benford's Law from Art to Science. Fraud Magazine, September/October 2000. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Benedito-Nunes, AM, Gamper, J, Chapman, SC, Friel, M and Gjerloev, JW (2023). Newcomb-Benford Law characterization of solar wind magnetic field and geomagnetic indices. Posted on Authorea; last accessed April 29, 2023. DOI:10.22541/essoar.168121593.35845953/v1. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Benedito-Nunes, AM, Gamper, J, Chapman, SC, Friel, M and Gjerloev, JW (2023). Newcomb-Benford Law as a generic flag for changes in the derivation of long-term solar terrestrial physics timeseries. RAS Techniques and Instruments, pp. rzad041. DOI:10.1093/rasti/rzad041. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Berger, A (2005). Benford’s Law in power-like dynamical systems. Stochastics and Dynamics 5, pp. 587-607. ISSN/ISBN:0219-4937. DOI:10.1142/S0219493705001602. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Berger, A and Eshun, G (2014). Benford solutions of linear difference equations. Theory and Applications of Difference Equations and Discrete Dynamical Systems, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics Volume 102, pp. 23-60. ISSN/ISBN:978-3-662-44139-8. DOI:10.1007/978-3-662-44140-4_2. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Berger, A and Siegmund, S (2007). On the distribution of mantissae in nonautonomous difference equations. Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 13(8-9), pp. 829-845. ISSN/ISBN:1023-6198. DOI:10.1080/10236190701388039. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Bourke, N and van Peursem, K (2004). Detecting fraudulent financial reporting: teaching the 'watchdog' new tricks. Working paper 79, University of Waikato. ISSN/ISBN:1173-7182. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brähler, G, Bensmann, M and Emke, AL (2010). Der Einsatz mathematisch-statistischer Methoden in der digitalen Betriebsprüfung. Illmenauer Schriften zur Betriebswirtschaftslehre 4/2010. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brähler, G, Bensmann, M and Jakobi, HR (2011). Das Benfordsche Gesetz und seine Anwendbarkeit bei der digitalen Prüfung von Fahrtenbüchern. Ilmenauer Schriften zur Betriebswirtschaftslehre 3/2011. ISSN/ISBN:978-3-940882-28-8. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brooks, D (2001). War, Politics & Customer Loyalty: Forecasting Using Benford’s Law. Frequencies, The Journal of Size Law Applications, 1(1), Aug. 2001, pp. 1-15. View Complete Reference No online information available Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brooks, D (2002). Naked-Eye Quantum Mechanics: Practical Applications of Benford's Law for Integer Quantities. Frequencies - The Journal of Size Law Applications, Special Paper #1, pp. 1-8. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brooks, D (2002). Zipf Ranking, Benford’s Law, and Ratio Analysis. Frequencies - The Journal of Size Law 1(2), pp. 1--9 . View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Bugarin, MS and da Cunha, FCR (2015). A didactic note on the use of Benford’s Law in public works auditing with an application to the construction of the Brazilian ‘Amazon Arena’ 2014 World Cup soccer stadium. Economia 66(1),pp. 23-55. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Bugarin, MS and da Cunha, FCR (2017). Lei de Benford aplicada à auditoria da reforma do Aeroporto Internacional de Minas Gerais. Revista Do Serviço Público 68(4), pp. 915-940. DOI:10.21874/rsp.v68i4.1567. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Bwarleling, TH (2020). Aplikasi Hukum Benford Dalam Menganalisa Kasus Garuda Indonesia [Benford's Law Application in Analyzing the Garuda Indonesia Case] . Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis 13(2), pp. 78-99. DOI:10.30813/jab.v13i2.2240. IND View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Ceccato, F and Bugarin, M (2017). Lei de Benford Aplicada À Auditoria da Reforma do Aeroporto Internacional de Minas Gerais [Benford's Law Applied to the Audit of the Renovation of the Minas Gerais International Airport]. Revista do Serviço Público. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Chamberlain, A and Yanus, AB (2021). Evaluating Federated Voluntary Associations’ Membership Data: An Application of Benford's Law. Social Science Quarterly pp. 1– 12. DOI:10.1111/ssqu.13015. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Ciofalo, M (2009). Entropy, Benford’s first digit law, and the distribution of everything. Unpublished manuscript. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Clippe, P and Ausloos, M (2012). Benford's law and Theil transform of financial data. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 391(24), pp. 6556–6567. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Coderre, D (2000). Computer assisted fraud detection. Internal Auditor 57(4) pp. 25-27. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Costa, JI (2012). Desenvolvimento de metodologias contabilométricas aplicadas a auditoria contábil digital: uma proposta de análise da lei de Newcomb-Benford para os Tribunais de Contas. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Costa, JI, da Silva, WB, Travassos, SK and dos Santos, J (2013). Análise de Conformidade da Lei de Newcomb-Benford no Ambiente de Auditoria Contínua: Uma Proposta de Identificação de Desvios no Tempo. In Proceedings of Anais do 37o Encontro Nacional da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Costa, JI, Travassos, SK and dos Santos, J (2013). Application of Newcomb-Benford Law in accounting audit: A bibliometric analysis in the period from 1988 to 2011. 10th International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management - CONTECSI June, 12 to 14, 2013 - São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 16-30. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Cunha, FCR and Bugarin, MS (2014). Lei de Benford e Auditoria de Obras Públicas: uma análise de sobrepreço na reforma do Maracanã [Benford’s Law and Public Works Audit: an analysis of overpricing in the maracanã remodeling]. Revista do TCU 131, pp. 46-53. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Cunha, FCR and Bugarin, MS (2015). Benford's law for audit of public works: an analysis of overpricing in Maracanã soccer arena's renovation. Economics Bulletin 35(2), pp. 1168-1176. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Cunha, FCR and Bugarin, MS (2015). Lei de Benford para a auditoria de obras públicas: análise de sobrepreço na construção da Arena da Amazônia. Bole m de Licitações e Contratos (BLC/NDJ) 28(8), pp. 841-857. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Cunha, FCR, Bugarin, MS and Portugal, AC (2016). Seleção de amostra de auditoria de obras públicas pela Lei de Benford. Sao Paulo: Instituto Brasileiro de Auditoria de Obras Públicas (IBRAOP). ISSN/ISBN:978-85-93840-00-5. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, ASCD (2013). The application of Benford’s Law in detecting accounting fraud in the Financial Sector. Masters Thesis, Lisboa School of Economics & Management. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, WB, Travassos, SKM and Costa, JIF (2017). Using the Newcomb-Benford Law as a Deviation Identification Method in Continuous Auditing Environments: A Proposal for Detecting Deviations over Time. Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 28(73), pp. 11–26. DOI:10.1590/1808-057x201702690 . View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Dahlstrom, KL and Clegg, CP (2015). The DNA of Scripture. Westbow Press: Bloomington, IN. ISSN/ISBN:978-1-4908-7600-9. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
De Marchi, S and Hamilton, JT (2006). Assessing the accuracy of self-reported data: An evaluation of the toxics release inventory. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 32(1), pp. 57-76. ISSN/ISBN:0895-5646. DOI:10.1007/s10797-006-6666-3. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
de Oliveira, JAJ, Francischetti, CE, Galeano, R, Padoveze, CL and Filho, MAFM (2018). Aplicações da Lei de Newcomb-Benford nas Demonstrações Financeiras da Petrobrás [Applications of the Newcomb-Benford on Financial statements of Petrobrás]. Enfoque Reflexão Contábil 37(1), pp. 21-38. DOI:10.4025/enfoque.v37i1.35608. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Debreceny, RS and Gray, GL (2010). Data mining journal entries for fraud detection: An exploratory study. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 157–181. DOI:10.1016/j.accinf.2010.08.001. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Demirdöven, K (2019). Adli Muhasebeciler İçin Benford’un Hukukunun Etkinliğinin Bir Araştirma Araci Olarak Değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Benford's Law as a Research Tool for Forensic Accountants]. Masters Project, Istanbul Esenyurt University. TUR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Diekmann, A (2002). Diagnose von Fehlerquellen und methodische Qualität in der sozialwissen- schaftlichen Forschung [Sources of bias and quality of data in social science research]. Institute of Technology Assessment (ITA) Working Paper No. ITA-02-04. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.518402. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Diniz, JA, Corrar, LJ and Slomski, V (2010). Análise digital: uma abordagem cognitiva na detecção de não conformidade em prestações de contas municipais. Anais do Congresso Controladoria e Contabilidade USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, CC (2014). Aplicação da Lei de Benford na auditoria : estudo de caso [Application of Benford's Law in Auditing - Case Study] . Masters thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, J, Tenório, JNB and Silva, LGC (2003). Uma aplicação da Teoria das probabilidades na contabilometria: A Lei de Newcomb-Benford como medida para análise de dados no campo da auditoria contábil. Contabilidade, Gestão e Governança, 6(1), pp. 35-54. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, J, Diniz, JA and Corrar, LJ (2005). O Foco é a Teoria Amostral nos Campos da Auditoria Contábil Tradicional e da Auditoria Digital: testando a Lei de Newcomb-Benford para o primeiro digito nas congas publicas. [The Focus is the Sampling Theory in the Fields of Traditional Accounting Auditin. Brazilian Business Review 2 (1), pp. 71-89. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, J, Diniz, JA and Corrar, LJ (2005). The focus is the sampling theory in the fields of traditional accounting audit and digital audit: testing the Newcomb-Benford Law for the first digit of in public accounts. Brazilian Business Review 2(1), pp. 69-86. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, J, Diniz, JA and Ribeiro Filho, JF (2003). A Lei de Newcomb- Benford: uma aplicação para determinar o DNA-equivalente das despesas no setor público. Proceedings of 3rd Congresso usp de controladoria e contrabilidade congresso, Brazil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
dos Santos, J, Filho, JFR, Lagioia, U, Filho, BFA and Araújo, IJCD (2009). Applications of the Newcomb-Benford law in the tax audit of the service tax (ISS). Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 20(49), pp. 63-78. DOI:10.1590/S1519-70772009000100006. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Druica, E, Oancea, B and Valsan, C (2018). Benford's law and the limits of digit analysis. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems 31, pp. 75–82. DOI:10.1016/j.accinf.2018.09.004. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Dumas, CF and Devine, JH (2000). Detecting Evidence of Non-Compliance in Self- Reported Pollution Emissions Data: An Application of Benford’s Law. Selected Paper, American Agricultural Economics Association, Annual meeting. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Farbaniec, M, Grabiński, T, Zabłocki, B and Zając, W (2011). Application of the first digit law in credibility evaluation of the financial accounting data based on particular cases. Presentation for 10th International Congress on Internal Control, Internal Audit, Fraud and Anti-Corruption Issues, Kraków, September 14-16, 2011. View Complete Reference No online information available Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Farhadi, N and Lahooti, H (2022). In Data We Trust: Proving Market Manipulation on the Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Business and Management 17(4). DOI:10.5539/ijbm.v17n4p1. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Ferreira, MJM (2013). Lei de Benford e detecção de fraude contabilística – Aplicação à indústria transformadora em Portugal. TRABALHO FINAL DE MESTRADO, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Portugal. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Fonseca, PMT da (2016). Digit analysis using Benford's Law: A Bayesian approach. Masters Thesis, ISEG - Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, Lisbon School of Economics & Management, Portugal. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Formann, AK (2010). The Newcomb-Benford Law in Its Relation to Some Common Distributions. PLoS ONE 5(5): e10541. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0010541. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Francischetti, CE (2007). Aplicação da lei dos números anômalos ou Lei de Newcomb- Benford para o controle das demonstrações financeiras das organizações [Application of the law of anomalous numbers or the Newcomb-Benford Act to control the financial statements of organizations]. Masters thesis, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Brasil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Fu, Q, Fang, Z, Villas-Boas, SB and Judge, G (2014). An Investigation of the Quality of Air Data in Beijing. Unpublished manuscript. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Gámez, RAM and Rivera, CEA (2009). Ley de Benford y sus aplicaciones. Undergraduate Thesis, . SPA View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Guilherme, HF, Montenegro, JM and dos Santos, J (2003). Uma aplicação da teoria das probabilidades na contabilometria: A Lei de Newcomb-Benford como uma Medida para Análise de Dados no Campo da Auditoria Contábil. Terceiro (III) Congresso da USP de Controladoria e Contabilidade. POR View Complete Reference No online information available Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Hales, DN, Chakravorty, SS and Sridharan, V (2009). Testing Benford’s Law for improving supply chain decision-making: A field experiment. Int. J. Production Economics 122 (2009) pp. 606–618. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hales, DN, Sridharan, V, Radhakrishnan, A, Chakravorty, SS and Sihad, SM (2008). Testing the accuracy of employee-reported data: An inexpensive alternative approach to traditional methods. European Journal of Operational Research 189(3), pp. 583-593. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hamadeh, N (2004). Wireless Security and Traffic Modeling Using Benford's Law. Master’s Thesis, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 2004 (99 pgs). View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hanci, F (2022). Application of Benford’s law in agricultural production statistics. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 50 (2), pp. 387-393. DOI:10.4038/jnsfsr.v50i2.10429. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hartmann, S and Brinkert, D (2018). Aufdeckung von Versicherungsbetrug bei Kfz-Schäden mit Hilfe des Benford-Tests [Detecting insurance fraud for vehicle damage using the Benford test]. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Versicherungswissenschaft 107(4), pp. 41-59. DOI:10.1007/s12297-017-0396-8. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Hickman, MJ and Rice, SK (2010). Digital Analysis of Crime Statistics: Does Crime Conform to Benford’s Law?. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 26(3), pp. 333-349. ISSN/ISBN:1573-7799. DOI:10.1007/s10940-010-9094-6. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Hürlimann, W (2015). Prime powers and generalized Benford law. Pioneer Journal of Algebra, Number Theory and its Applications 12/2015; 10(1-2):51-70. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hürlimann, W (2015). A first digit theorem for powerful integer powers. SpringerPlus (2015) 4: 576. DOI:10.1186/s40064-015-1370-3. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Jošić , H and Žmuk, B (2020). The Application of the Law of Anomalous Numbers on Global Food Prices in Examining Psychological Pricing Strategies. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, pp. 1-16. DOI:10.1080/08974438.2020.1796880 . View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Kocameşe, M (2006). Benford Kanunu ve Vergi Denetiminde Kullanılabilirliğinin Đncelenmesi [Benford's Law and Review of the Usability of Tax Audit]. Masters Thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Social Sciences, Business Administration, Department Of Accounting. TUR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Kössler, W, Lenz, H-J and Wang, XD (2021). Is the Benford Law Useful for Data Quality Assessment?. In: Knoth, S., Schmid, W. (eds) Frontiers in Statistical Quality Control 13. ISQC 2019, Springer, Cham, pp. 391-406. ISSN/ISBN:978-3-030-67856-2. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-67856-2_22. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Lu, F and Boritz, JE (2005). Detecting Fraud in Health Insurance Data: Learning to Model Incomplete Benford’s Law Distributions. Machine Learning: ECML 2005 (Proceedings). Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 3270, pp. 633-640. ISSN/ISBN:0302-9743. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Lu, F, Boritz, JE and Covvey, D (2006). Adaptive Fraud Detection Using Benford’s Law. Advances in Artificial Intelligence Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 4013, pp. 347-358. ISSN/ISBN:978-3-540-34628-9. DOI:10.1007/11766247_30. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Makous, W (2011). Biblical Longevities: Empirical Data or Fabricated Numbers?. Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 117-130. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Martín, AB (2003). Sistematización del proceso de depuración de los datos en estudios con seguimientos. PhD Thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. SPA View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Möller, M (2009). Measuring the Quality of Auditing Services with the Help of Benford’s Law - An Empirical Analysis and Discussion of this Methodical Approach. E-print available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1529307; last accessed June 23, 2014. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.1529307. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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