| Barabesi, L, Cerasa, A, Cerioli, A and Perrotta, D (2018). Goodness-of-fit testing for the Newcomb-Benford law with application to the detection of customs fraud. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 36(2), pp. 346-358. DOI:10.1080/07350015.2016.1172014.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Barabesi, L, Cerasa, A, Cerioli, A and Perrotta, D (2021). On characterizations and tests of Benford’s law. Journal of the American Statistical Association 117(540), pp. 1887-1903. DOI:10.1080/01621459.2021.1891927.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Barabesi, L, Cerioli, A and Di Marzio, M (2023). Statistical models and the Benford hypothesis: a unified framework. TEST. DOI:10.1007/s11749-023-00881-y.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Barabesi, L, Cerioli, A and Perrotta, D (2021). Forum on Benford’s law and statistical methods for the detection of frauds. Statistical Methods & Applications 30, pp. 767–778. DOI:10.1007/s10260-021-00588-0.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Barabesi, L and Pratelli, L (2020). On the Generalized Benford law. Statistics & Probability Letters 160, 108702
. DOI:10.1016/j.spl.2020.108702.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Berger, A and Hill, TP (2011). Benford's Law Strikes Back: No Simple Explanation in Sight for Mathematical Gem. The Mathematical Intelligencer 33(1), pp. 85-91. DOI:10.1007/ s00283-010-9182-3.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Berger, A and Hill, TP (2015). An Introduction to Benford's Law. Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ. ISSN/ISBN:9780691163062.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Cerasa, A (2022). Testing for Benford’s Law in very small samples: Simulation study and a new test proposal. PLoS ONE 17(7), pp. e0271969. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0271969.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Cerioli, A, Barabesi, L, Cerasa, A, Menegatti, M and Perrotta, D (2019). Newcomb-Benford law and the detection of frauds in international trade. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116(1), pp. 106-115. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1806617115.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Dümbgen, L and Leuenberger, C (2008). Explicit Bounds for the Approximation Error in Benford’s Law. Electronic Communications in Probability 13, pp. 99-112. ISSN/ISBN:1083-589X. DOI:10.1214/ECP.v13-1358.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Eckhartt, GM and Ruxton, GD (2023). Investigating and preventing scientific misconduct using Benford’s Law. Research Integrity and Peer Review 8(1). DOI:10.1186/s41073-022-00126-w.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Ensminger, J and Leder-Luis, J (2025). Detecting Corruption: Evidence from a World Bank project in Kenya. World Development 188, pp. 106858. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106858.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Gonzalez-Garcia, J and Pastor, G (2009). Benford’s Law and Macroeconomic Data Quality. International Monetary Fund Working Paper WP/09/10, Statistics Department, January 2009.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Hill, TP (1995). A Statistical Derivation of the Significant-Digit Law. Statistical Science 10(4), pp. 354-363. ISSN/ISBN:0883-4237.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Horton, J, Kumar, DK and Wood, A (2020). Detecting academic fraud using Benford law: The case of Professor James Hunton. Research Policy 49(8), 104084
. DOI:10.1016/j.respol.2020.104084.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Kaiser, M (2019). Benford’s Law As An Indicator Of Survey Reliability—Can We Trust Our Data?. Journal of Economic Surveys Vol. 00, No. 0, pp. 1–17. DOI:10.1111/joes.12338.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Kossovsky, AE (2014). Benford's Law: Theory, the General Law of Relative Quantities, and Forensic Fraud Detection Applications. World Scientific Publishing Company: Singapore. ISSN/ISBN:978-981-4583-68-8.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Lacasa, L (2019). Newcomb–Benford law helps customs officers to detect fraud in international trade. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116(1), pp. 11-13. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1819470116.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Le, L and Mantelaers, E (2024). Benford’s Law and Beyond: A framework for auditors. Maandblad voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 98(7), pp. 427–438. DOI:10.5117/mab.98.134061.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Mebane, WR Jr (2010). Fraud in the 2009 presidential election in Iran?. Chance 23(1), pp. 6-15. DOI:10.1080/09332480.2010.10739785.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Michalski, T and Stoltz, G (2013). Do Countries Falsify Economic Data Strategically? Some Evidence That They Might. The Review of Economics and Statistics 95(2), pp. 591-616. DOI:10.1162/REST_a_00274.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Mumic, N and Filzmoser, P (2021). A multivariate test for detecting fraud based on Benford’s law, with application to music streaming data. Statistical Methods & Applications 30, 819–840. DOI:10.1007/s10260-021-00582-6.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Murtagh, J (2023). What Is Benford’s Law? Why This Unexpected Pattern of Numbers Is Everywhere. Scientific American May 8, 2023.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Nasser, L (2020). Digits. Netflix series - Connected: The Hidden Science of Everything, Episode 4.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Pericchi, LR and Torres, DA (2011). Quick anomaly detection by the Newcomb-Benford law, with applications to electoral processes data from the USA, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. Statistical Science 26(4), pp. 502-16. DOI:10.1214/09-STS296.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Pietronero, L, Tosatti, E, Tosatti, V and Vespignani, A (2001). Explaining the uneven distribution of numbers in nature: the laws of Benford and Zipf. Physica A - Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 293(1-2), 297-304. ISSN/ISBN:0378-4371. DOI:10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00633-6.
|
 |
|
|
|
| Wang, D, Chen, F, Mao, J, Liu, N and Rong, F (2022). Are the official national data credible? Empirical evidence from statistics quality evaluation of China's coal and its downstream industries
. Energy Economics, p. 106310. DOI:10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106310.
|
 |
|
|
|