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Nigrini, MJ (1994). Using digital frequencies to detect fraud. Fraud Magazine, The White Paper Index 8(2), pp. 3-6.

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Antunes, AM, Teixeira, D and Sousa, F (2023). Benford’s Law: the fraud detection’s left hand. Proceedings of 18th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), Aveiro, Portugal, pp. 1-6. DOI:10.23919/CISTI58278.2023.10211738. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
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Aris, NA, Othman, R, Bukhori, MAM, Arif, SMM and Malek, MAA (2017). Detecting Accounting Anomalies Using Benford’s Law: Evidence from the Malaysian Public Sector. Management & Accounting Review 16(2), pp. 73-100. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Ausloos, M, Cerqueti, R and Mir, TA (2017). Data science for assessing possible tax income manipulation: The case of Italy. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 104, pp. 238–256. DOI:10.1016/j.chaos.2017.08.012. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Azevedo, CdS, Gonçalves, RF, Gava, VL and Spinola, MdM (2021). A Benford’s Law based methodology for fraud detection in social welfare programs: Bolsa Familia analysis. Physica A 567, p. 125626. DOI:10.1016/j.physa.2020.125626. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Azevedo, CdS, Gonçalves, RF, Gava, VL and Spinola, MdM (2021). A Benford’s Law based method for fraud detection using R Library. MethodsX 2021. DOI:10.1016/j.mex.2021.101575. View Complete Reference No online information available Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Badal-Valero, E, Alvarez-Jareño, JA and Pavía, JM (2018). Combining Benford's Law and machine learning to detect money laundering. An actual Spanish court case. Forensic Science International 282, pp. 24-34. DOI:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.008. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Bannier, C, Ewelt-Knauer, C, Lips, J and Winker, P (2020). Benford’s Law and Its Application to Detecting Financial Fraud and Manipulation. Ch. 18 in: Corruption and Fraud in Financial Markets: Malpractice, Misconduct and Manipulation, C. Alexander and D. Cumming (Eds.), John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, U.K., pp. 473-504. ISSN/ISBN:978-1-119-42177-1. View Complete Reference No online information available Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Bannier, C, Ewelt-Knauer, C, Winker, P and Lips, J (2019). Benford’s law and its application to detecting financial fraud and manipulation. Chapter 5 of Econometric Modelling of Energy & Financial Markets, Doctoral Thesis of Johannes Lips, Justus-Liebig University Gießen . View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Becker, T, Burt, D, Corcoran, TC, Greaves-Tunnell, A, Iafrate, JR, Jing, J, Miller, SJ, Porfilio, JD, Ronan, R, Samranvedhya, J, Strauch, FW and Talbut, B (2018). Benford's Law and Continuous Dependent Random Variables. Annals of Physics 388, pp. 350–381. DOI:10.1016/j.aop.2017.11.013. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Becker, T, Corcoran, TC, Greaves-Tunnell, A, Iafrate, JR, Jing, J, Miller, SJ, Porfilio, JD, Ronan, R, Samranvedhya, J and Strauch, FW (2013). Benford's Law and Continuous Dependent Random Variables. Preprint arXiv:1309.5603 [math.PR]; last accessed October 23, 2018. DOI:10.1016/j.aop.2017.11.013. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Beiglou, PHB, Gibbs, C, Rivers, L, Adhikari, U and Mitchell, J (2017). Applicability of Benford’s Law to Compliance Assessment of Self-Reported Wastewater Treatment Plant Discharge Data. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 19(04). DOI:10.1142/S146433321750017X. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Brähler, G, Bensmann, M and Jakobi, HR (2011). Das Benfordsche Gesetz und seine Anwendbarkeit bei der digitalen Prüfung von Fahrtenbüchern. Ilmenauer Schriften zur Betriebswirtschaftslehre 3/2011. ISSN/ISBN:978-3-940882-28-8. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Campos, L, Salvo, AE and Flores-Moya, A (2016). Natural taxonomic categories of angiosperms obey Benford's law, but artificial ones do not. Systematics and Biodiversity 14(5), pp. 431-440. ISSN/ISBN:1477-2000 (Print)/ 1. DOI:10.1080/14772000.2016.1181683. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Cerqueti, R and Provenzano, D (2023). Benford's Law for economic data reliability: The case of tourism flows in Sicily. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 173, p. 113635. DOI:10.1016/j.chaos.2023.113635. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Costa, JI (2012). Desenvolvimento de metodologias contabilométricas aplicadas a auditoria contábil digital: uma proposta de análise da lei de Newcomb-Benford para os Tribunais de Contas. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil. POR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, ASCD (2013). The application of Benford’s Law in detecting accounting fraud in the Financial Sector. Masters Thesis, Lisboa School of Economics & Management. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, CG and Carreira, PMR (2011). Selecting Audit Targets Using Benford’s Law. Technical Report No. 8, Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers at Coimbra . ISSN/ISBN:645-2631. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, CG and Carreira, PMR (2013). Selecting Audit Samples Using Benford's Law. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 53-65. DOI:10.2308/ajpt-50340. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
da Silva, CG and Carreira, PMR (2019). Estimating the Proportion of Misstated Records in an Audit Data set using Benford’s Law. Journal of Accounting, Finance and Auditing Studies 5(2), pp. 146-162. DOI:10.32602/jafas.2019.25. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
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Docampo, S, del Mar Trigo, M, Aira, M, Cabezudo, B and Flores-Moya, A (2009). Benford’s law applied to aerobiological data and its potential as a quality control tool . Aerobiologia 25, pp. 275-283 . ISSN/ISBN:0393-5965. DOI:10.1007/s10453-009-9132-8. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Freidank, C-C and Kusch, A (2008). Das Benfordsche Gesetz als Instrument zur Aufdeckung von Unregelmäßigkeiten im Rahmen der Jahresabschlussprüfung. Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 100-102. ISSN/ISBN:0340-1650. GER View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Geyer, CL and Williamson, PP (2004). Detecting Fraud in Data Sets Using Benford's Law. Communications in Statistics: Simulation and Computation 33(1), pp. 229-246. ISSN/ISBN:0361-0918. DOI:10.1081/SAC-120028442. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Guan, L, He, D and Yang, D (2006). Auditing, integral approach to quarterly reporting, and cosmetic earnings management. Managerial Auditing Journal 21(6), pp. 569-581. DOI:10.1108/02686900610674861. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Günnel, S and Tödter, K-H (2009). Does Benford's law hold in economic research and forecasting?. Empirica 36, pp. 273-292. DOI:10.1007/s10663-008-9084-1. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hales, DN, Sridharan, V, Radhakrishnan, A, Chakravorty, SS and Sihad, SM (2008). Testing the accuracy of employee-reported data: An inexpensive alternative approach to traditional methods. European Journal of Operational Research 189(3), pp. 583-593. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hashem, MM, Naby, MAA and Hafez, MES (2024). Using the anomalous numbers model (Newcom-Benford model) to verify the accuracy of published data for the fire insurance branch of insurance companies in the Egyptian market. Al-Durr Magazine 34(3), December. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Henselmann, K, Scherr, E and Ditter, D (2013). Applying Benford's Law to individual financial reports: An empirical investigation on the basis of SEC XBRL filings. Working Papers in Accounting Valuation Auditing, No. 2012-1 [rev.]. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Hill, TP (1996). A note on distributions of true versus fabricated data. Perceptual and Motor Skills 83, pp. 776-778 Part 1. ISSN/ISBN:0031-5215. DOI:10.2466/pms.1996.83.3.776. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Iudica, F (2012). Benford’s Law: Mathematical Properties and Forensic Accounting Applications. Master’s Thesis, Luiss Guido Carli University, Rome, Italy, 2012. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Jianu, Io and Jianu, Iu (2021). Reliability of Financial Information from the Perspective of Benford’s Law. Entropy 23(5), article no. 557. DOI:10.3390/e23050557. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Jordan, CE and Clark, SJ (2022). Do Financial Items Determined Using Estimates and/or Professional Judgment Adhere to Benford’s Law of First Digits?. The Journal of Applied Business and Economics24(4), pp. 10-21. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
Kellerman, L (2014). Evaluating the effectiveness of Benford’s law as an investigative tool for forensic accountants. Masters thesis (Magister Commercii) in Forensic Accountancy at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Köse, E and Özdemir, M (2019). Muhasebe Denetiminde Benford Kanunu ve Ölçekten Bağımsızlık Yönteminin Test Edilmesi [Testing of Benford's Law and Non-Scale Method in Auditing]. Kırklareli University Journal of Social Sciences 3(3), pp. 271-287. TUR View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Kossovsky, AE (2014). Benford's Law: Theory, the General Law of Relative Quantities, and Forensic Fraud Detection Applications. World Scientific Publishing Company: Singapore. ISSN/ISBN:978-981-4583-68-8. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Lin, F, Chang, C and Wu, S (2009). A study on the relationship between related party transactions and monthly sales in Taiwan's publicly issued companies. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, 26(5), pp. 337-343. DOI:10.1080/10170660909509148. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Nguyen, TT (2019). Three essays on earnings quality. PhD Thesis, University of East London. DOI:10.15123/uel.86yq8. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work
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Nigrini, MJ (1996). A taxpayer compliance application of Benford’s law. Journal of the American Taxation Association 18(1), pp. 72-91. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Nigrini, MJ (1996). Digital Analysis and the Reduction of Auditor Litigation Risk. Proceedings of the 1996 Deloitte & Touche / University of Kansas Symposium on Auditing Problems, ed. M. Ettredge, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, pp. 69-81. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Nigrini, MJ (2012). Benford's Law: Applications for Forensic Accounting, Auditing, and Fraud Detection . John Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, New Jersey. ISSN/ISBN:978-1-118-15285-0. DOI:10.1002/9781119203094. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
Nigrini, MJ (2017). Audit Sampling Using Benford's Law: A Review of the Literature With Some New Perspectives. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 29–46. DOI:10.2308/jeta-51783. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references Works that reference this work
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Zdraveski, D and Janeska, M (2021). Application of Benford's Law for Detecting Manipulation in the Financial Statements in Macedonian Companies. Annals of the „Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, Issue 6/2021. View Complete Reference Online information Works that this work references No Bibliography works reference this work